#include <iostream>
#include <string>

class Test {
public:
    static unsigned int _id;

    Test(): _a(1000) {
        _effective_id = _own_id = _id++;
        log("Default constructor");
    };
    Test(int a): _a(a) {
        _effective_id = _own_id = _id++;
        log("Int constructor with value " + std::to_string(a));
    };

    Test(const Test& other) {
        _a = other._a;
        _effective_id = _own_id = _id++;
        log("Copy constructor with id " + std::to_string(other._own_id));
    }

    Test(Test&& other) {
        _a = other._a;
        _effective_id = _id++; 
        _own_id = other._own_id;
        log("Move constructor with id " + std::to_string(other._own_id));
        other._move_made = true;
    }

    ~Test() {
        log("Destructor");
        if(_move_made) {
            log("After move");
        }
    }

    Test& operator=(const Test& other) {
        _a = other._a;
        log("Copy operator with id " + std::to_string(other._own_id));
        return *this;
    }   

    Test& operator=(Test&& other) {
        _a = other._a;
        other._move_made = true;
        _effective_id = _own_id;
        _own_id = other._own_id;
        log("Move copy operator with id " + std::to_string(other._own_id));
        return *this;
    } 

private:
    int _a;
    unsigned int _own_id, _effective_id;
    bool _move_made = false;
    
    void log(std::string msg) {
        std::cout << _own_id << "(effective: " << _effective_id << ")" << ": " + msg + "n";
    }
};

Test get_test() {
    std::cout << "Inside get_test()n";
    return Test(5);
}

Test&& get_move() {
    std:: cout << "Inside get_move()n";
    return std::move(Test(7));
}

void copy_pass(Test copy) {
    std::cout << "Took by copyn";
}

void pass(const Test& ref) {
    std::cout << "Took by refn";
}

void pass(Test&& subject) {
     std::cout << "Took by rvaln";
}

unsigned int Test::_id = 0;

int main() { 
    std::cout << "Initialize an";
    Test a = get_test();
    std::cout << "Pass by copyn";
    copy_pass(a);
    std::cout << "Pass by refn";
    pass(a);
    std::cout << "Pass by moven";
    pass(std::move(a));

    std::cout << "Initializing bn";
    Test b(7);
    std::cout << "Move to cn";
    auto c = std::move(b);
    std::cout << "Ref to dn";
    auto& d = c;
    std::cout << "Copy by ref to en";
    Test e(d);
    std::cout << "Copy by rval to fn";
    Test f(std::move(e));

    std::cout << "Getting by moven";
    Test g(get_move());
}