import pygame
# Global constants
# Colors
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
# Screen dimensions
SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
"""
This class represents the bar at the bottom that the player controls.
"""
# -- Methods
def __init__(self):
""" Constructor function """
# Call the parent's constructor
super().__init__()
# Create an image of the block, and fill it with a color.
# This could also be an image loaded from the disk.
width = 40
height = 60
self.image = pygame.Surface([width, height])
self.image.fill(RED)
# Set a reference to the image rect.
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
# Set speed vector of player
self.change_x = 0
self.change_y = 0
# List of sprites we can bump against
self.level = None
def update(self):
""" Move the player. """
# Move left/right
self.rect.x += self.change_x
# See if we hit anything
block_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.level.platform_list, False)
for block in block_hit_list:
# If we are moving right,
# set our right side to the left side of the item we hit
if self.change_x > 0:
self.rect.right = block.rect.left
elif self.change_x < 0:
# Otherwise if we are moving left, do the opposite.
self.rect.left = block.rect.right
# Move up/down
self.rect.y += self.change_y
# Check and see if we hit anything
block_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.level.platform_list, False)
for block in block_hit_list:
# Reset our position based on the top/bottom of the object.
if self.change_y > 0:
self.rect.bottom = block.rect.top
elif self.change_y < 0:
self.rect.top = block.rect.bottom
# Stop our vertical movement
self.change_y = 0
if isinstance(block, MovingPlatform):
self.rect.x += block.change_x
def go_up(self):
""" Called when user hits the up arrow. """
self.change_y = -6
def go_down(self):
""" Called when user hits the down arrow. """
self.change_y = 6
# Player-controlled movement:
def go_left(self):
""" Called when the user hits the left arrow. """
self.change_x = -6
def go_right(self):
""" Called when the user hits the right arrow. """
self.change_x = 6
def stop_x(self):
""" Called when the user lets off the keyboard. """
self.change_x = 0
def stop_y(self):
""" Called when the user lets off the keyboard. """
self.change_y = 0
class Platform(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
""" Platform the user can jump on """
def __init__(self, width, height):
""" Platform constructor. Assumes constructed with user passing in
an array of 5 numbers like what's defined at the top of this code.
"""
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.Surface([width, height])
self.image.fill(GREEN)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
class MovingPlatform(Platform):
""" This is a fancier platform that can actually move. """
change_x = 0
change_y = 0
boundary_top = 0
boundary_bottom = 0
boundary_left = 0
boundary_right = 0
player = None
level = None
def update(self):
""" Move the platform.
If the player is in the way, it will shove the player
out of the way. This does NOT handle what happens if a
platform shoves a player into another object. Make sure
moving platforms have clearance to push the player around
or add code to handle what happens if they don't. """
# Move left/right
self.rect.x += self.change_x
# See if we hit the player
hit = pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, self.player)
if hit:
# We did hit the player. Shove the player around and
# assume he/she won't hit anything else.
# If we are moving right, set our right side
# to the left side of the item we hit
if self.change_x < 0:
self.player.rect.right = self.rect.left
else:
# Otherwise if we are moving left, do the opposite.
self.player.rect.left = self.rect.right
# Move up/down
self.rect.y += self.change_y
# Check and see if we the player
hit = pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, self.player)
if hit:
# We did hit the player. Shove the player around and
# assume he/she won't hit anything else.
# Reset our position based on the top/bottom of the object.
if self.change_y < 0:
self.player.rect.bottom = self.rect.top
else:
self.player.rect.top = self.rect.bottom
# Check the boundaries and see if we need to reverse
# direction.
if self.rect.bottom > self.boundary_bottom or self.rect.top < self.boundary_top:
self.change_y *= -1
cur_pos = self.rect.x - self.level.world_shift
if cur_pos < self.boundary_left or cur_pos > self.boundary_right:
self.change_x *= -1
class Level(object):
""" This is a generic super-class used to define a level.
Create a child class for each level with level-specific
info. """
def __init__(self, player):
""" Constructor. Pass in a handle to player. Needed for when moving
platforms collide with the player. """
self.platform_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.enemy_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.player = player
# Background image
self.background = None
# How far this world has been scrolled left/right
self.world_shift = 0
self.level_limit = -1000
# Update everything on this level
def update(self):
""" Update everything in this level."""
self.platform_list.update()
self.enemy_list.update()
def draw(self, screen):
""" Draw everything on this level. """
# Draw the background
screen.fill(BLUE)
# Draw all the sprite lists that we have
self.platform_list.draw(screen)
self.enemy_list.draw(screen)
def shift_world(self, shift_x):
""" When the user moves left/right and we need to scroll everything:
"""
# Keep track of the shift amount
self.world_shift += shift_x
# Go through all the sprite lists and shift
for platform in self.platform_list:
platform.rect.x += shift_x
for enemy in self.enemy_list:
enemy.rect.x += shift_x
# Create platforms for the level
class Level1(Level):
""" Definition for level 1. """
def __init__(self, player):
""" Create level 1. """
# Call the parent constructor
Level.__init__(self, player)
self.level_limit = -1500
# Array with width, height, x, and y of platform
level = [[210, 70, 500, 500],
[210, 70, 800, 400],
[210, 70, 1000, 500],
[210, 70, 1120, 280],
]
# Go through the array above and add platforms
for platform in level:
block = Platform(platform[0], platform[1])
block.rect.x = platform[2]
block.rect.y = platform[3]
block.player = self.player
self.platform_list.add(block)
def main():
""" Main Program """
pygame.init()
# Set the height and width of the screen
size = [SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT]
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
pygame.display.set_caption("Platformer with moving platforms")
# Create the player
player = Player()
# Create all the levels
level_list = [Level1(player)]
# Set the current level
current_level_no = 0
current_level = level_list[current_level_no]
active_sprite_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
player.level = current_level
player.rect.x = 340
player.rect.y = SCREEN_HEIGHT - player.rect.height
active_sprite_list.add(player)
# Loop until the user clicks the close button.
done = False
# Used to manage how fast the screen updates
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# -------- Main Program Loop -----------
while not done:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
done = True
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_a:
player.go_left()
if event.key == pygame.K_d:
player.go_right()
if event.key == pygame.K_w:
player.go_up()
if event.key == pygame.K_s:
player.go_down()
if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
if event.key == pygame.K_a and player.change_x < 0:
player.stop_x()
if event.key == pygame.K_d and player.change_x > 0:
player.stop_x()
if event.key == pygame.K_w and player.change_y < 0:
player.stop_y()
if event.key == pygame.K_s and player.change_y > 0:
player.stop_y()
# Update the player.
active_sprite_list.update()
# Update items in the level
current_level.update()
# If the player gets near the right side, shift the world left (-x)
if player.rect.right >= 500:
diff = player.rect.right - 500
player.rect.right = 500
current_level.shift_world(-diff)
# If the player gets near the left side, shift the world right (+x)
if player.rect.left <= 120:
diff = 120 - player.rect.left
player.rect.left = 120
current_level.shift_world(diff)
# ALL CODE TO DRAW SHOULD GO BELOW THIS COMMENT
current_level.draw(screen)
active_sprite_list.draw(screen)
# ALL CODE TO DRAW SHOULD GO ABOVE THIS COMMENT
# Limit to 60 frames per second
clock.tick(60)
# Go ahead and update the screen with what we've drawn.
pygame.display.flip()
# Be IDLE friendly. If you forget this line, the program will 'hang'
# on exit.
pygame.quit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
